Jake Hinton • June 10, 2024
The Montezuma Grade: Anza Borrego State Park
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Quick Facts about Montezuma Grade (The Glass Elevator)
Scenic Route
Montezuma Grade (Montezuma Valley Rd - S22), also known as the "Glass Elevator," is a scenic road in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, San Diego County, California, starting in Borrego Springs and ascending nearly 4,000 feet over 31.6 miles.
Historical Significance
- Original Use: The route dates back to the early 20th century, originally serving as a stagecoach route.
- World War II: Utilized by the U.S. military for training during World War II.
Scenic Lookouts
- Montezuma Valley Road Lookout: Located at 2,300 feet, offers panoramic views of the Anza-Borrego Desert and the Salton Sea.
- Wildlife: Home to wildlife like deer, rabbits, coyotes, and bighorn sheep.
The "Glass Elevator" Experience
- Nickname Origin: The steep ascent and descent provide expansive views reminiscent of a glass elevator in a skyscraper.
- Route Features: Includes sharp corners and blind turns.
Popular with Motorcyclists and Cyclists
- Challenging Climb: Known for its challenging 3,300-foot climb in ten miles and thrilling descent.
- Cycling Conditions: Cyclists enjoy minimal traffic and expansive views but must be prepared for physical demands and weather changes.
Take a glance at Montezuma Grade in Anza Borrego State Park
Natural Beauty and Attractions
- Notable Destinations: Passes through notable destinations in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, including Palm Canyon and Hellhole Canyon.
- Culp Valley: Offers primitive camping at an elevation of over 3,000 feet, with stunning views and cooler temperatures compared to the desert floor. It’s a popular spot for hiking, including trails that connect to Hellhole Canyon and the California Riding and Hiking Trail.
Learn more about hiking around Montezuma Grade.
2024 Film Location
Paul Thomas Anderson's new untitled film, starring Leonardo DiCaprio, Regina Hall, and Sean Penn, was partially filmed in and around Montezuma Grade. The film is set to hit theaters on August 8, 2025, bringing additional attention to this already stunning location.
Montezuma Grade: Construction and Planning
- Montezuma Valley Road: Connects Borrego Springs to Ranchita, constructed by San Diego County’s Road Department.
- Labor Source: Built using labor from prison camps in the backcountry during the first half of the 20th century.
- Construction Timeline: Began in 1954 and took nearly 10 years to complete.
- Construction Details: Supervised by foremen Ben McManama and Carl Randall with prisoners from Montezuma Honor Camp; utilized 160,000 tons of dynamite.
- Completion: Road completion celebrated on June 24, 1964, declared a holiday by Gale Gordon. (Actor and Borrego Springs resident)
- Early Access: Until the grade into Borrego Valley was completed, Montezuma Valley Road stopped at "Verruga," later renamed Ranchita. Anyone wanting access to the valley had to use Yaqui Pass Road.
Visit Montezuma Grade in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park
Discover Anza-Borrego Desert State Park
Located in San Diego County, California, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park offers visitors a stunning natural oasis with breathtaking scenic drives, including the renowned Montezuma Grade. Also known as the "Glass Elevator," this scenic road starts in Borrego Springs and ascends nearly 4,000 feet over 31.6 miles, providing a unique driving experience with spectacular views of rocky cliffs, canyons, and the expansive desert landscape. This picturesque location was recently featured in Paul Thomas Anderson's new film, adding to its allure.
Montezuma Grade: Scenic and Serene
Montezuma Grade is a notable route within the park, offering encounters with local wildlife such as deer, rabbits, coyotes, and bighorn sheep. Drivers are advised to navigate carefully to preserve the natural habitat and ensure safety.
Historical Significance
Montezuma Grade has a rich history, dating back to the early 20th century when it served as a stagecoach route. During World War II, the U.S. military utilized the area for training, leveraging its challenging terrain. Today, Montezuma Grade remains a vital connection between Julian and Borrego Springs, reflecting the region's historical significance. Until the grade into Borrego Valley was completed, Montezuma Valley Road stopped at "Verruga," later renamed Ranchita. Anyone wanting access to the valley had to use Yaqui Pass Road many miles away.
Montezuma Valley Road Lookout
At an elevation of 2,300 feet (701 meters), the Montezuma Valley Road lookout provides panoramic views of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Visitors can see the Salton Sea and enjoy spectacular sunsets. This spot is ideal for photography enthusiasts and nature lovers.
Preparation Tips
Visitors should be prepared for varying weather conditions at the lookout. High elevation can cause temperature drops, especially in the evening. It's recommended to bring water, sun protection, and a jacket.
Exploring Anza-Borrego Desert State Park
Diverse Hiking Trails
Anza-Borrego Desert State Park offers a variety of hiking trails for all skill levels, featuring landscapes such as slot canyons and palm oases. The park is also an International Dark Sky Park, making it a perfect destination for stargazing, with ranger-led programs available to enhance the experience.
Hikes Along S22 (Montezuma Valley Road)
Starting from Palm Canyon and continuing up to the end of S22, this route includes some of the park's most popular destinations, such as Palm Canyon and Hellhole Canyon. The Montezuma Grade winds up to Culp Valley and ends just beyond Ranchita.
Culp Valley
Culp Valley offers primitive camping at an elevation of over 3,000 feet, providing stunning views and cooler temperatures compared to the desert floor. This area is a popular spot for hiking, with trails connecting to Hellhole Canyon and the California Riding and Hiking Trail. Despite being affected by a fire in 2012, the area is slowly regenerating, especially around springs.
Key Hiking Destinations
- Palm Canyon: One of the most popular spots in the park.
- Hellhole Canyon: A challenging hike leading to a beautiful waterfall.
- Culp Valley: Includes multiple springs such as Barrel Spring, Big Spring, and Pena Spring.
- California Riding and Hiking Trail: Offers extensive hiking opportunities.
- Other Notable Trails: Buck Canyon, Chief Rain In The Face, Chimney Rock, Dry Canyon, Eagle Rock, Indian Head, Jasper Trail, Little Surprise Canyon, Middle Spring, Montezuma Mine, Pinyon Spring, The Slab, Thimble Peak, Tubb Canyon, Wilson Trail, and Ysidrio Peak.
Learn More About Hiking Near Montezuma Grade
With its diverse landscapes and rich history, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park provides an unforgettable outdoor experience for visitors.
Lodging in Borrego Springs
Several lodging options are available in Borrego Springs for visitors seeking a comfortable stay:
- Palm Canyon Hotel & RV Resort: Offers scenic views and comfortable accommodations.
- La Casa Del Zorro Resort & Spa: A luxury resort with gardens, spa treatments, and elegant rooms.
- Borrego Springs Resort: Ideal for a luxury getaway with top-notch amenities.
- Palms At Indian Head: A budget-friendly hotel with a peaceful setting.
- Stanlunds Inn & Suites: Affordable and cozy rooms.
Here are more lodging options in Borrego Springs
Directions to Montezuma Grade
- From San Diego: Take I-8 East, exit on State Route 79 North, continue to State Route 78 East, and follow signs to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park.
- From Temecula: Take I-15 South, exit on State Route 79 South, continue to State Route 371 East, then to State Route 78 East, and follow signs to the park.
Maps and Guides
For a comprehensive exploration, downloadable maps and guides are available, including the Anza Borrego State Park Map, Palm Canyon Map, Coyote Canyon Map, and a Guide Map for Popular Hikes. These resources can enhance your visit by helping you discover the park’s many hidden gems.
Learn More About Borrego Springs
What happens at the Salton Sea over the next decade will very likely have a large effect on Borrego Springs, both environmentally and economically. The biggest immediate concern is air quality. The biggest potential opportunity is economic and tourism spillover from a transformed Salton Sea/Lithium Valley region. Clearly, the downside Borrego should take most seriously is air quality. This isn't hypothetical. San Diego County's own Borrego Springs Community Plan specifically instructs the community to monitor the Salton Sea because windblown sand and chemical particulates can reach the Borrego Valley. California's Water Resources Control Board (CARB) says the retreating shoreline creates public-health risks because dust can be emitted from soils containing decades of accumulated agricultural and wastewater material. CARB is now funding research specifically to determine how much Salton Sea dust reaches surrounding communities, what chemicals it contains, and how climate change could alter those exposures. That makes successful Salton Sea restoration directly beneficial to Borrego Springs. The new Salton Sea Conservancy , launched this year, is particularly important because it creates a permanent state institution charged with restoration, habitat management and air-quality improvement. California is also filling portions of the Species Conservation Habitat project with water and expanding dust-suppression work. If those efforts stabilize significant areas of exposed playa, Borrego could receive an environmental dividend without spending Borrego groundwater to obtain it. Conversely, if Colorado River cutbacks accelerate the Sea's decline faster than restoration can cover newly exposed playa, Borrego could experience worsening regional particulate pollution. Research modeling the shrinking Sea has projected significant increases in regional PM10 as additional playa is exposed. While the future is always unknown, here’s where things get interesting. Lithium Valley could change Borrego economically. The Salton Sea is no longer simply an environmental-restoration story. It is increasingly becoming an energy, minerals and infrastructure story. Controlled Thermal Resources (CTR) announced in March a $4.7 billion transaction intended to finance development of its Hell's Kitchen geothermal/lithium project. CTR is targeting 50 MW of electricity by 2028 and 25,000 metric tons of lithium annually by 2029. The technology still has to prove itself commercially, so those targets should not be treated as certain. Meanwhile, another part of the geothermal industry is looking increasingly toward supplying electricity to AI/data centers. If even a substantial portion of those plans materializes, southeastern California could develop something it has never really had before: a significant clean-energy/critical-minerals industrial cluster. Borrego could become the attractive western gateway to this emerging region. That potentially means more visitors, executives, investors, scientists, journalists, researchers, government officials and environmental organizations moving through the area. Some will want lodging, restaurants, meeting space and recreation without staying at the Salton Sea or an industrial operation. Borrego could offer precisely what the southern Salton Sea cannot: a beautiful, quiet desert destination next to a state park and protected landscape. Tourism could be the sleeper opportunity. There's another development that hasn't received nearly as much attention. California State Parks is developing a new long-term vision for recreation at the Salton Sea, potentially including more trails, camping, interpretation, wildlife viewing and other forms of public access. A draft general plan is expected in 2027. Combine that with Anza-Borrego and you could eventually have a much stronger regional tourism proposition. Imagine Borrego Springs, Gateway to the Salton Sea combining desert ecology, geology, energy technology, wildlife, water recreation, and dark skies. More to come as the Borrego Sun considers a number of plausible future scenarios. References Borrego Springs CP Salton Sea Program What one company’s shift towards data centers says about Imperial County’s lithium industry | KPBS Public Media More hiking trails, campgrounds could come to the Salton Sea
Originally published by KPBS.org on August 20, 2026.
Circle of Art Continues a Tradition of Art and Giving in Borrego Springs
New unscripted series highlights the Imperial County micronation created by longtime radio broadcaster Randy Williams Radio veteran Randy “R Dub!” Williams is launching a new unscripted series centered on the Republic of Slowjamastan, the micronation he established in Imperial County. Greetings from Slowjamastan premieres Thursday, August 27 at 5 p.m. PT on Slowjamastan State Television’s YouTube channel. New episodes are scheduled to be released each Thursday. Williams is Vice President of Communications and Media for Z90 and Magic 92.5 in San Diego and is the creator and host of the syndicated radio program Sunday Night Slow Jams. He has worked in radio for more than three decades as an on-air personality, programmer, executive and syndicated host. The premiere episode, “Big Trouble in Little Slowjamastan,” includes radio consultant Tim Richards and follows interactions between Slowjamastan representatives and local government authoritie s.
September 19 from 2–6 p.m.
Celebrating KRAM 90.5 FM and the Local Media Connecting Borrego Springs
The County of San Diego wants to hear from you. Join a virtual community meeting to learn how the County advocates for state and federal legislation and help shape the 2027 legislative program. The County’s Economic Development and Government Affairs (EDGA) office is asking residents to weigh in on the issues that matter most. Your input helps guide the County’s legislative strategy and helps ensure that the strategy reflects real community priorities. The legislative program outlines the Board of Supervisors’ policy goals and directs EDGA’s year-round advocacy on state and federal bills and regulatory actions. priorities. So far this year, the County has taken positions on 16 state and federal bills focused on key priorities: Safeguarding the social safety net Advancing housing solutions Bolstering the behavioral health system Ensuring safe communities Responding to the Tijuana River Valley Sewage Crisis The virtual community forum is set for Tuesday, Aug. 25, from 5 to 6 p.m. on Zoom. Register and learn more at Engage San Diego County . For disability-related modifications, language interpretation, or other accommodations, please email Legislative.Program@sdcounty.ca.gov . The County will record and post the session in full on the Engage San Diego site afterwards. You can also submit your comments on Engage San Diego County through September 14. Beyond its legislative work, EDGA also drives the County’s economic development strategy, supports small businesses, leads to County’s binational affairs efforts in the California-Baja region, manages County grant programs, and updates and implements the County’s Strategic Plan and governance documents. For details, visit the EDGA website or call 619-531-5198.
Public comments focus on the proposed Golden Pacific Powerlink as Anza-Borrego Foundation is honored by the San Diego County Board of Supervisors Supporters of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park addressed the San Diego County Board of Supervisors on Aug. 18 as concerns continue over the proposed Golden Pacific Powerlink. Community members participated in person and virtually, submitted comments and spoke about potential impacts of the proposed project on the park and surrounding communities. Partner organizations involved in the broader advocacy effort include Save Temecula, Save Palomar Mountain, Save Fallbrook and Save Warner Springs. During the meeting, District 5 Supervisor Jim Desmond brought the Anza-Borrego Foundation before the Board and proclaimed Aug. 18, 2026 , Anza-Borrego Foundation Day in San Diego County .
Supervisor Jim Desmond Opposes Proposed Transmission Route Through Anza-Borrego Desert State Park San Diego County District 5 Supervisor Jim Desmond is opposing the current alignment of the proposed Golden Pacific Powerlink, a 500-kilovolt transmission line that would cross parts of North and East County, including Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Desmond says the proposal raises concerns about wildfire risk, environmental impacts, private property and the lack of local control over the project. He is encouraging residents to submit comments during SDG&E’s stakeholder feedback period and participate in upcoming public meetings.
Wing-Walking, Skydiving and Stunt Flying in Borrego Springs
Power Outages in Borrego Springs If you live in Borrego Springs, power outages are part of desert life. The electricity goes out, everything suddenly gets quiet, and the waiting begins. Borrego Springs resident and writer Shannon Cheesman , creator of Under the Borrego Sky , recently shared a video showing what one of these outages looks like from a local perspective. When the Power Goes Out Power outages can be especially noticeable in Borrego Springs, where air conditioning and other cooling systems are important during the warmer months. In her video, Shannon takes viewers along during an outage at her home, capturing the sudden quiet and uncertainty that comes with not knowing how long the electricity will be off. It is a simple look at an experience many year-round residents recognize. Managing Electricity in the Desert In a previous Under the Borrego Sky video, Shannon also shared how her household manages summer electric costs. Her strategies include using paid-off solar panels, avoiding laundry during peak hours, raising the thermostat while away, alternating between central air and a swamp cooler, and making monthly payments toward the household’s annual SDG&E bill. Together, the videos offer a practical look at two realities of living in the desert: managing the cost of keeping a home cool and being prepared for times when the power goes out. Under the Borrego Sky Under the Borrego Sky is Shannon Cheesman’s personal chronicle of life in Borrego Springs, California. Her videos feature seasonal nature reports, local discoveries, and everyday experiences filmed in and around Borrego Springs. Sometimes that means spectacular desert scenery. Other times, it is simply waiting for the power to come back on. Subscribe on YouTube: www.youtube.com/@under-the-borrego-sky Read more from Under the Borrego Sky, at: www.undertheborregosky.com
Finding Faith, Belonging and Purpose Beyond Sunday Services
Growing this Summer If you have landscaping or a garden, you have probably spent time this summer wondering if your plants are going to make it. There have been many days I’ve walked outside, looked at a plant and said, “Sorry little feller, I feel your struggle!” Be patient with your plants. In Borrego, nighttime heat is one of the biggest challenges. During the summer, plants need cooler nights to breathe. When night temperatures stay in the 80s, plants struggle because they conserve water by closing their stomata, which are tiny pores used for gas exchange. On hot nights these pores stay closed to prevent plants from losing more water than they can afford. But then they struggle to breathe. Cool nights are what allow desert plants to absorb carbon dioxide so they can create energy. In simple terms, hot nights keep plants from breathing, which slows the creation of sugars they need to be happy and survive. Look at the plants that naturally grow around us. There is a reason so many desert plants have small, thick leaves covered in wax. A smaller leaf has less surface area where water can escape. Waxy leaves create another protective layer that helps hold moisture inside the plant. Creosote and other plants have spent a very long time figuring out how to live wisely in the desert. Other landscape plants are less adapted to living through a Borrego summer. Even cacti struggle with the heat and get sunburned. And when a plant looks stressed, giving it more water is not always the answer. Too much water can complicate problems even further for many desert plants. Summer is a good time to practice patience. Pause for a moment and let the plant tell you what it needs. Sometimes plants need an extra drink and some shade cloth. Other times a little pruning will focus good energy on what is still alive. And when all else fails, slow down for a moment and talk to your plants. They are good listeners and appreciate words of encouragement. It has been a hot summer, and the plants are struggling just like the wildlife and many of us are. Wander outside and offer a little extra attention to everything that is surviving this summer. A few caring words and a little patience can make all the difference.
Smoke from the Church 2 Fire near Campo rises into the sky on Aug. 17, 2026. A brush fire spread over swaths of brushy open terrain in the rural southeastern reaches of the San Diego area Monday, blackening scores of acres and threatening structures as ground and airborne crews worked to subdue the flames. Church 2 FireThe blaze, dubbed the Church 2 Fire, erupted for unknown reasons shortly before 2:30 p.m. off the 36800 block of Church Road in Campo, east of Lake Morena and about a mile south of Interstate 8, according to Cal Fire. Advertisement Within a half-hour, the fire had grown to encompass roughly 20 acres, the state agency reported. The flames were posing potential hazards to some developed areas as firefighters battled the blaze, officials said. As of 3:45 p.m., the size of the burn zone had grown to about 132 acres, Cal Fire advised. EvacuationsAuthorities issued an evacuation order for sparsely populated locales around the intersection of Live Oak Springs Road and Old Highway 80, and advised people living somewhat farther to the east to prepare to clear out of their homes on short order. A temporary shelter for the displaced was in operation at Golden Acorn Casino in Campo.
Wednesday, August 26
Wednesdays from 6 to 7 p.m.
